As with all medications, an allergic reaction to eye drops is possible. Ingredients such as preservatives are a common factor, so the medication contents should be carefully scrutinized. Discontinuing some types of drops such as decongestants can cause problems, which may be incorrectly blamed on the drops themselves. Steroids and contact solution also may create some side effects that are undesirable. Those considering using eye drops should know the signs of eye allergies so that proper treatment can be obtained if necessary.
One of the primary causes of an allergic reaction to eye drops is the preservatives in some drops, especially those which lubricate dry eyes. People needing dry eye relief in this case should seek a preservative-free brand. Likewise, if new eye drops cause an adverse reaction, the list of ingredients should be compared to that of previously used drops to uncover differences.
Individuals using decongestants to relieve red eyes may find problems when actually discontinuing use of eye drops. Decongestants use vasoconstrictors to cause the blood vessels to be smaller and the eyes less red. If the blood vessels depend on the vasoconstrictors to stay small, then discontinuing use of these drops can cause the blood vessels to become even bigger, and the eyes more red, than before the drops were ever used.
For those who suffer from allergies, a corticosteroid eye drop might be used to decrease swelling. Steroids, however, can create adverse effects such as increased inner eye pressure and cataracts. Other discomforts similar to the allergic reaction to eye drops might also be experienced.
Contact solution can also generate an allergic reaction. If problems develop, comparing the ingredient lists to prior-used solutions might uncover the culprit. Some drops can discolor or damage the contact lenses themselves, which will lead to discomfort. If the chosen solution doesn’t sufficiently clean airborne allergens from the lenses, negative reactions might also be experienced. An optometrist can assist in the decision-making process of which to use, or daily disposable contact lenses can be worn, since they are discarded daily and do not require cleaning.
Signs of an allergic reaction are an abnormal reaction to something that normally doesn’t cause such a reaction after using the eye drops. Examples include redness, itchiness, and swelling, as well as dryness and irritation. Most symptoms are more annoying than dangerous, but if more serious symptoms develop, medical intervention is necessary.
Treating an allergic reaction to eye drops is best achieved by avoiding what is causing the symptoms. This is why determining which ingredients cause irritation and explicitly following dosage and usage directions is so important. If symptoms do not resolve or worsen, the individual should seek medical attention.