One of the problems with using ciprofloxacin and breastfeeding concerns mixed recommendations on the medication’s use by nursing mothers. Some health experts have said ciprofloxacin poses minimal risk while breastfeeding, while others have not recommended the drug when a woman nurses a child. Limited studies have shown the antibiotic passes into breast milk, but the levels vary. Research revealed ciprofloxacin could harm bones and joints of offspring in animals.
Scientists tested blood of breastfed babies whose mothers took ciprofloxacin in one study. Higher levels of the drug registered about two hours after the women received oral doses of the medication. The overall amount of ciprofloxacin in infant serum measured lower than doses typically prescribed for infants with certain conditions. When scientists tested the blood of one child whose mother combined ciprofloxacin and breastfeeding for 10 days, no measurable amount of the drug showed up.
The uncertainty and mixed scientific results have led most pediatricians to suggest alternative antibiotic drugs for nursing mothers. The American Academy of Pediatrics has deemed ciprofloxacin and breastfeeding probably safe unless a child suffers from a specific enzyme deficiency that could weaken joints. A family history of the disorder might also put certain infants at higher risk.
Ciprofloxacin treats bacterial infection by blocking an enzyme necessary for bacteria to multiply. The drug kills a wide range of bacteria and commonly works on germs resistant to other antibiotic medication. It represents a common treatment for urinary tract infection, intestinal parasites, and lung infections, including pneumonia and bronchitis. A single dose of ciprofloxacin also works to treat gonorrhea.
Even though warnings exist about ciprofloxacin and breastfeeding, the drug might be given to young children with urinary tract infections that fail to respond to other medicine. Children might also take this medication for salmonella and infections after chemotherapy. Chemical cancer treatment typically decreases functioning of the body’s immune system by destroying healthy blood cells, leading to a higher risk of infection.
The most common side effect of this drug includes nausea that might produce vomiting, diarrhea, and cramping. Less common adverse effects might appear as weakness and fatigue, with some patients reporting dizziness and loss of appetite. A rash might also develop, especially in people allergic to the medicine.
Patients taking ciprofloxacin should avoid milk and medication containing calcium, magnesium, and zinc. These minerals might prevent absorption of the drug into the bloodstream. They should also avoid excessive exposure to sunlight because the drug might increase sensitivity to harmful rays and cause a rash. Doctors typically recommend patients increase fluid intake while using the drug to prevent crystal formation in the urine.