A pelviscopy, also known as pelvic laparoscopy, is a medical procedure used to diagnose and treat a variety of conditions that affect the pelvic organs. Depending on the reason for the procedure, it may be performed on either an in- or outpatient basis. As with any medical procedure, a pelviscopy does carry some risks for complication and these should be discussed with a qualified health care provider during consultation.
As a diagnostic tool, pelviscopy may be utilized to aid with detecting conditions such as ovarian cysts, appendicitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). The procedure may also be used to evaluate cases of infertility and suspected abdominal pelvic masses. When used for treatment purposes, a pelviscopy may be utilized during procedures affecting the reproductive system, such as a tubal ligation, myomectomy, or hysterectomy. The use of a pelvic laparoscopy may not be used in cases where the individual is morbidly obese or exhibits extensive scar tissue from previous procedures.
Conducted under general anesthesia, a pelviscopy requires a small incision just below the individual’s navel. Carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the abdominal cavity through the incision to expand the cavity and allow the attending physician an unobstructed view of the area. A small tube outfitted with an equally small camera, known as a laparoscope, is inserted into the abdominal cavity through the incision. After an initial evaluation of the area is conducted, additional incisions may be necessary to allow for the insertion of instrumentation required to complete the procedure. Once the procedure is completed and the carbon dioxide gas is released, the instrumentation is removed and the incisions are closed with sutures.
Depending on the context in which the procedure was performed, an individual may be able to go home the same day or asked to remain in the hospital overnight for observation. As a convenient alternative to open surgery, a laparoscopic procedure usually involves a shorter recovery time, less post-operative discomfort, and minimal risk for post-operative complications. In most cases, when a pelviscopy is utilized for treatment purposes, its use may negate the possible need for additional procedures.
As with any medical procedure, a pelviscopy does carry some risks for complication, including infection, organ or tissue damage, and excessive bleeding. The use of carbon dioxide gas may induce abdominal discomfort following the procedure and additional pain in the upper torso as residual gas is expelled from the body. The use of a general anesthetic carries risks for allergic reaction to the medications administered and breathing difficulty. Additional post-operative complications that may necessitate immediate medical attention may include persistent fever and abdominal discomfort.