The hypothalamus gland helps to regulate many of the body's functions, so hypothalamus disorders can have a dramatic effect on the body. Some of the most common disorders affecting this gland include hypothyroidism, adrenal dysfunction, and tumors on or near the hypothalamus gland. Kallmann's syndrome and homeostasis instability are also potential disorders of the hypothalamus. Symptoms that may indicate that this gland is not functioning properly may include headaches, fatigue, or abnormal fluctuations in body temperature. Any questions or concerns about possible hypothalamus disorders in an individual situation should be discussed with a doctor or other medical professional.
Hypothyroidism is among the most frequently diagnosed hypothalamus disorders. The hypothalamus gland controls the proper functioning of the pituitary gland, which in turn influences the functions of the thyroid gland. When the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones, a condition known as hypothyroidism develops. Symptoms of this disorder may include depression, muscle aches, and excessive fatigue or sleepiness.
Adrenal dysfunction is among the possible hypothalamus disorders, as the adrenal glands are heavily influenced by the pituitary and hypothalamus glands. Some of the symptoms that may be present among those experiencing adrenal dysfunction may include fatigue, difficulty concentrating, and insomnia. Those with adrenal dysfunction may also have trouble regulating stress responses and may be prone to experiencing anxiety and depression.
Tumors on or around the hypothalamus or pituitary gland can cause a blockage that prevents proper hormone flow throughout the body. Depending on the exact location of the tumor, symptoms may include hyperactivity, confusion, or mood swings. Headaches, nausea, and a lack of energy may also occur when a tumor is present.
Kallmann's syndrome is a genetic condition that can affect the hypothalamus and pituitary glands and can cause a variety of symptoms. Delayed puberty, color blindness, and a decreased ability to smell are possible signs of this disorder. Additional symptoms of Kallmann's syndrome may include reproductive abnormalities such as testicular atrophy in males and an absence of menstruation in females.
Homeostasis is a clinical term used to describe the body's natural ability to regulate processes such as body temperature. When the hypothalamus gland does not function properly, homeostasis irregularities may occur. Body temperature fluctuations, emotional instability, and blood pressure changes may occur as a result of homeostasis problems. Any unusual or bothersome symptoms that may suggest the presence of hypothalamus disorders should be reported to a doctor for further medical evaluation and the creation of an individualized treatment plan.