A protruding hemorrhoid is a mass of inflamed skin and veins that extends through the anus and can be seen on the outside of the body. Straining to have a bowel movement, constipation, and pregnancy are a few things that can put pressure on the veins around the lower rectum and anus. This can result in reddened and swollen skin. If the hemorrhoid is inside of the anus, it is referred to as an internal hemorrhoid. A protruding hemorrhoid located beneath the skin surrounding the anus is considered an external hemorrhoid.
An external or protruding hemorrhoid can produce a hard lump on the anus. This is called a thrombosed hemorrhoid and is actually a blood clot. When this happens, it can result in severe swelling, pain, and intense itching. Scratching and excessive cleaning around the anus can also cause mucus to drain from the lower rectum and add to the itching symptoms.
There are numerous treatments available to reduce a protruding hemorrhoid. Examples include consistently soaking in a warm bath and applying a hemorrhoid ointment to the lower rectal area. Adding fiber and increasing daily water intake can help to make bowel movements easier, thereby reducing straining and constipation. These treatments are used to relieve the initial symptoms of a protruding hemorrhoid, but further medical attention may be needed if the symptoms do not cease.
If the protruding hemorrhoid cannot be relieved by the treatments that are available, there are surgical methods that can help to reduce or completely remove it. A rubber band can be secured around the bottom of the hemorrhoid to cut off the circulation, so that it shrivels up and disappears within a few days. An infrared coagulation is a surgery in which a device is used to burn off the hemorrhoid. Certain chemicals can be injected around the blood vessels surrounding the anus, thereby helping to shrink the inflamed areas. Internal and external protruding hemorrhoids that cannot be relieved by other methods are usually surgically removed.
Hemorrhoids can be prevented by a diet rich in fiber, and by including fruits and vegetables into daily meals. Having routine eating schedules that limit caloric intake can eliminate indigestion that can cause straining or constipation. Daily exercise can increase metabolism, thereby helping to reduce digestive stomach conditions that can lead to difficulty with elimination. Reducing sitting time and partaking in more physical activities also helps to prevent hemorrhoids.